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Liechtenstein - the prospering industrial country with the developed sector of financial services and a high standard of living.

Gross national product in Liechtenstein (cost of all market goods of services) in 1999 has made 825 mln. dollars of the USA or per capita - 25 000 US dollars.

The main area of economy - обработочная the industry: metal working, exact instrument making, optics, manufacture of vacuum technics, electronic systems, microprocessors. A considerable place occupy харчопереробна (вчастности, manufacture of canned food and wines), textile, ceramic and a pharmaceutical industry. With development обработочной the industries and growth of enterprise activity a manpower of the Liechtenstein has ceased to satisfy a labour demand. In different spheres of economy it is occupied approximately 22,9 thousand persons, and approximately third from them (8,2 thousand persons) comes every day for work across Switzerland and Austria. In industrial sector and sphere of services take part approximately on 40 % of able-bodied population, in agriculture - only 2 %.

Liechtenstein - highland.

Mountains, occupy three quarters of territory the countries presented by spurs of backbone Ретікон (Ретійські the Alpes), what made by dolomite, limestones, мергелями and флішем (multilayered layers мергелей and clay slates) and strongly dismembered. On border with Switzerland are the highest point of the country Graushp_ts (2599) and mountain Falkn_s (2560). The mountain area consists of several backbones and міжгірських valleys (Мальбун, Валорш, Replacement, Лавена, Валона). On the highest backbone there passes border with Austria along which spears Нафкопф (2570), Аугштенберг (2365), Оксенкопф (2286), Галліна (2199), Гарзеллі (2124) rise, Three Sisters (2052). East backbones which have smaller heights, on the north change hilly foothills.

The Lithuanian Republic after disintegration of USSR tries to find the place in the European economic community, to reorient the industry on needs of the West. However owing to extremely firm competition in the western market successes on advancement of the Lithuanian goods more than modest. Therefore last years the republic industry starts all to co-operate more actively with the old partners in frameworks eks-srsr. All promises on the prompt integration of the Lithuanian industry into the General Market by last time and remain promises.

The official name - the Latvian Republic.

State system - republic. The head of the state - the President. The head of the government - the Prime minister. A legislature - a unicameral Diet.

The geographical arrangement - the country is in the northeast of Europe. On the north borders on Estonia (the general border - 339 km), in the east - with Russia (217 km), in the south - with Belarus (141 km) and Lithuania (453 km). In the west омивається Baltic sea.

In agriculture occupied about 20 % of able-bodied population of republic. Agricultural grounds occupy about 50 % of territory of republic, the arable areas occupy about 40 %. Land reclamation, drainage of bogs is developed.

Under grain crops than half of areas under crops (close 1.2 million in hectares) are occupied more. The greatest areas taken away under barley. Also grow up a winter wheat, an oats, to a bean. The earth part is taken away under cultivation лена and a sugar beet. The potato is grown up practically in all areas of Lithuania. The big spaces occupy crops of forage crops, long-term and annual grasses. Under public gardens taken away about 50 thousand in hectares. The basic cultures - районовані grades of apple-trees, cherries and plums.

This area form about 120 big enterprises. In republic exist 8 big м'ясопереробних combines which deliver production not only on home market, but also at republic CIS.

The dairy industry is presented by 5 big dairy combines. Widely known Lithuanian cheeses which even more often appear recently in shops of Moscow and S-peterburga.

The basic directions of development of the chemical industry - manufacture of mineral fertilizers for agriculture, a chemical fibre for light industry, plastic for mechanical engineering. The cities of Kedajanjaj and Йонава are the centres of manufacture of mineral fertilizers. Here do superphosphate, аммофос, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, etc.

The basis of the industry of Lithuania is made by 580 enterprises. The basis of industrial development of republic is made by industrial associations in the field of power, mechanical engineering and metal working, and also chemistry. In Lithuania all spectrum of building materials (cement, slate, gravel, a brick etc.) is developed. As the considerable territory of republic is occupied by the large forests, well developed wood and деревообрабатывающая the industry.

In Lithuania lives over 3.5 million persons. 66 % the population with concentration in cities which it is caused by industry development. The greatest cities: Vilnius, Klaipeda, Shaulyai, Kaunas and Панявежіс. In republic the considerable quantity of small cities and settlements of city type with the population no more than 50 thousand persons toils.

Lithuania is in a zone of the coniferous and mixed woods which occupy 28 % of territory of republic. Pine woods make 38 % of all area occupied with wood. Широколистяні woods exist only on small sites fertile грунтов in areas of a soft sea climate.